For years, the PSA blood test has been the go-to method for detecting prostate cancer.
But the truth is troubling: it gives false positives in three out of four cases.
This means countless men undergo unnecessary biopsies, scans, and even treatments – with side effects ranging from incontinence to sexual dysfunction – without ever having aggressive cancer.
Even more worrying, the test often fails to catch the cancers that actually matter – the fast-growing, life-threatening ones.
But a new study has uncovered a potential game-changer.
This new test might be the key
Researchers at the Institute of Cancer Research in London tested over 6,000 men using a new polygenic risk score (PRS) derived from saliva samples.
By analyzing 130 genetic variants linked to prostate cancer, they could identify men with the highest inherited risk – without needles, scans, or hospitals.
Among those with the top 10% of genetic risk scores, 40% were found to have prostate cancer after follow-up testing.
In contrast, only about 25% of men flagged by high PSA levels are actually diagnosed with the disease.
Even more importantly, the saliva test detected significantly more aggressive cancers than the PSA test.
It’s a major step forward, and one that could spare thousands of men from unnecessary medical procedures while catching dangerous cancers earlier.
A future with fewer false alarms
So why isn’t this test already available on a wide scale? Like all scientific breakthroughs, it needs more validation.
Although the results are promising, researchers stress that further studies are needed – especially to adapt the test for men of Asian and African descent, who have been underrepresented in earlier trials.
Still, the implications are massive. A cheap, non-invasive, and accurate test that can be done from home could revolutionize how we screen for prostate cancer – making early detection smarter, not just more common.
This article is based on information from The Guardian.
This article is made and published by Ida-Marie Palm Varbæk, who may have used AI in the preparation.