The British health service is now warning about a rare but serious side effect of the antidepressant sertraline.
The medication is widely used, but in the worst cases it can lead to a life-threatening condition.
The medication requires a prescription
Sertraline is available by prescription only. The drug is used to treat depression, anxiety, OCD, and PTSD, as well as other mental health disorders.
How sertraline works
According to the NHS, sertraline increases the level of serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in regulating mood.
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Most side effects are mild
Health authorities emphasize that most side effects of sertraline are mild. However, there are rare cases involving more serious reactions.
Risk of serotonin syndrome
One of the most serious complications is serotonin syndrome. In the worst cases, the condition can be fatal if left untreated.
What is serotonin syndrome?
According to the Mayo Clinic, serotonin syndrome occurs when excessive amounts of serotonin build up in the body.
The substance is essential for normal bodily function, but at excessively high levels, it can become dangerous.
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Combination of medications increases the risk
A common cause is the simultaneous use of multiple medications that affect serotonin levels.
Certain migraine treatments, for example, can increase the risk if taken together with sertraline.
Herbal remedies and beverages can have an impact
The NHS advises against using St John’s wort while being treated with sertraline.
Grapefruit juice should also be avoided, and alcohol may reduce the effectiveness of the medication.
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Illegal drugs can trigger the condition
The use of drugs such as cocaine, MDMA, and amphetamines can raise serotonin levels and trigger serotonin syndrome.
A high dose can be dangerous
Taking too much sertraline can cause serotonin to accumulate in the body and reach dangerous levels.
Rapid heart rate is a warning sign
One of the key symptoms is a rapid heart rate, which may indicate that the condition is developing.
Excessive sweating
Excessive sweating is another important symptom to watch for.
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Shaking and muscle twitching
Shaking and involuntary muscle movements are among the five main symptoms of serotonin syndrome.
Confusion and agitation
Feelings of confusion or agitation may also indicate that serotonin levels have become too high.
How to respond
If symptoms occur, people are advised to contact their doctor or call emergency services.
Mild cases may subside within one to three days after discontinuing the triggering medication.
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Severe cases may require stopping serotonin-affecting drugs and treatment with fluids, sedatives, and, in some cases, serotonin-blocking medications.
Sources: LADbible, NHS, and Mayo Clinic.