Seizure triggers don’t cause epilepsy, but they can provoke seizures in people who already have the condition.
While not everyone with epilepsy has clear triggers, many can identify patterns. Here are the most common ones to be aware of.
Alcohol
Drinking alcohol — especially in large quantities or during hangovers — can lower the seizure threshold and increase the risk of an episode.
Flashing lights
Strobe lights, video games, or rapidly changing screen visuals can trigger seizures in people with photosensitive epilepsy.
Illegal drugs
Recreational drugs can interfere with brain chemistry and provoke seizures, even in small amounts.
Missing medication
Skipping doses or taking too much anti-seizure medication can destabilize the brain’s activity and make seizures more likely.
Lack of sleep
Sleep deprivation is a well-known trigger. A tired brain is more vulnerable to the electrical disturbances that cause seizures.
Hormonal changes
Fluctuations in hormones, such as those during the menstrual cycle, can increase seizure frequency in some people.
Stress
Both emotional and physical stress can act as a seizure trigger. Stress management is key for many living with epilepsy.
Dehydration
When the body lacks fluids, its chemical balance is disturbed — and that can affect brain function, increasing seizure risk.
Skipping meals
Low blood sugar levels, especially after missing meals, can stress the brain and trigger seizures.
Illness or fever
Infections or high temperatures can impact brain activity, particularly in people whose seizures are already hard to control.
This article is based on information from Mayo Clinic.