An annual physical exam is more than just routine – it’s your opportunity to take control of your health, prevent illness, and get answers to questions you might have been putting off.
Here’s a guide with the most important facts you need to know before your next check-up.
What is an annual physical exam?
There’s no one-size-fits-all when it comes to physicals.
Some doctors are thorough, others brief, but the key element is that your doctor listens to your concerns and helps you take preventive steps based on your personal health risks.
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Where can you get your exam done?
You don’t need to have a regular primary care physician.
Many people get their exams at urgent care centers, university health clinics (sometimes even if you're not a student), community health centers, pharmacy clinics, or through telemedicine services.
What’s included in the exam?
Your doctor will ask about your lifestyle, such as smoking, alcohol use, diet, and exercise.
They’ll also check your blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate, body temperature, and get a general sense of your overall health just by observing and talking to you.
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The full physical check
The exam may include listening to your heart and lungs, checking your abdomen, looking into your eyes, ears, and throat, and testing reflexes, balance, and muscle strength.
Your skin, nails, and joints will also be examined for any visible health indicators.
Extra checks for men
For men, the exam might include a testicular exam to check for lumps, a hernia test, a penis exam to look for signs of STIs, and possibly a prostate exam via the rectum.
Extra checks for women
For women, doctors might perform a breast exam to check for lumps or abnormalities, and a pelvic exam that can include screening for cervical cancer, HPV, and STIs.
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What about children?
Kids' annual exams typically include vaccinations, growth checks, blood pressure measurements, vision and hearing screenings, and a physical exam.
Doctors may also screen for depression, especially in older children, and discuss sleep, diet, and development.
Are lab tests required?
Not always. Routine bloodwork like a complete blood count or urinalysis is usually only done if symptoms point to a need.
However, cholesterol and diabetes screenings are recommended for certain age groups and risk levels. Hepatitis C screening is also advised for adults over 18.
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Prevention is everything
Annual exams aren’t just about fixing what’s wrong – they’re about staying ahead of potential problems.
Doctors may recommend cancer screenings (like mammograms or colonoscopies), lifestyle changes, or vaccinations to keep you healthy in the long run.
Come prepared
Make the most of your appointment by writing down any questions in advance, bringing a list of your medications (including over-the-counter drugs), and sharing any health logs you’ve kept.
Wear comfortable clothing in case you need to change for the exam.
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What happens afterward?
After your visit, your doctor should provide a summary that outlines your health goals, lifestyle guidance, new prescriptions, recommended follow-ups, and referrals if needed.
You’ll also find out when you should return for your next check-up.
The article is based on information from WebMD.com.