A major global study has identified five key lifestyle-related risk factors that contribute to 50% of all cardiovascular diseases and 20% of deaths worldwide. With heart disease being a leading cause of death in both the UK and the US, these findings highlight the importance of prevention and lifestyle changes.
High blood pressure is the most significant risk
High blood pressure increases strain on the heart and arteries, raising the risk of heart attacks and strokes. In the UK, about one in four adults has high blood pressure, while in the US, nearly half of all adults are affected. Many remain undiagnosed, making regular check-ups essential.
High cholesterol increases the risk of heart disease
Too much cholesterol in the blood can lead to plaque buildup in the arteries, restricting blood flow and increasing the likelihood of cardiovascular disease. Over half of UK adults have high cholesterol, while in the US, about 38% of adults are affected. Diet and exercise play a crucial role in managing cholesterol levels.
Diabetes raises the risk of serious complications
People with diabetes are at a much higher risk of heart disease and strokes. The number of diabetes cases is rising in both countries, with over 4.3 million diagnosed in the UK and 38 million in the US. Proper blood sugar management through lifestyle changes and medication is key to reducing risks.
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Obesity puts added stress on the heart
Obesity is linked to multiple health issues, including high blood pressure and diabetes. In the UK, two-thirds of adults are classified as overweight or obese, while in the US, that number rises to 73%. Maintaining a healthy weight through diet and regular activity can significantly improve heart health.
Smoking remains a major contributor to heart disease
Tobacco use damages blood vessels, raises blood pressure, and significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. While smoking rates have declined in both the UK and the US, it still contributes to thousands of preventable deaths each year. Quitting smoking leads to immediate and long-term health benefits.
The study is based on data from 34 countries
Researchers analyzed health data from 1.5 million people across 34 countries, making it one of the most comprehensive studies on cardiovascular risk factors. The findings provide crucial insights for improving public health worldwide.
Prevention efforts could save thousands of lives
Heart disease is responsible for around 25% of deaths in both the UK and the US. Increasing public health efforts to promote early detection and healthier lifestyles could significantly reduce mortality rates.
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Life expectancy gaps highlight room for improvement
Life expectancy in the UK (around 81 years) and the US (around 77 years) lags behind some European countries like Switzerland and Spain, where it exceeds 83 years. Addressing preventable health risks could help close this gap.
Regional disparities in heart disease rates
Both the US and the UK show significant regional variations in cardiovascular disease rates. In the UK, rates are higher in Scotland and northern England, while in the US, the highest rates are found in the southern states. Targeted interventions could help address these disparities.
Lifestyle changes make a difference
Although genetics play a role in cardiovascular health, small lifestyle adjustments—such as improving diet, increasing physical activity, and quitting smoking—can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease and early death.
This article is based on information from Videnskab.dk
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