Liver disease is a growing global health issue, responsible for an estimated 4 % of deaths worldwide.
One of the most common forms, known as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), occurs when excess fat accumulates in the liver.
Over time, this buildup can cause inflammation and scarring, leading to fibrosis, cirrhosis, or even liver cancer.
While diet, alcohol, and metabolic conditions like diabetes are well-known risk factors, environmental chemicals are now drawing attention as possible hidden threats to liver health.
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The chemical under investigation
Researchers writing in Liver International have identified a potential link between liver fibrosis and tetrachloroethylene (PCE), a solvent often used in dry cleaning, metal degreasers, and some household cleaners.
The team analyzed U.S. health data from roughly 1,600 adults collected between 2017 and 2020.
Participants with measurable levels of PCE in their blood were found to be three times more likely to show signs of liver fibrosis compared to those without exposure.
Dr. Brian Lee, a hepatologist at the University of Southern California and lead author of the study, said the findings suggest that even small increases in PCE exposure could raise the risk of liver damage.
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Why it matters
Previous studies have already connected PCE exposure to kidney damage, neurological effects, and some cancers.
The new research strengthens the case for closer monitoring of industrial and household chemicals that persist in the environment.
Experts say doctors should consider environmental exposure when evaluating patients with liver disease, and policymakers may need to tighten regulations around hazardous solvents.
As Dr. Lee emphasized, understanding these hidden contributors could be key to reversing the rise in liver-related illnesses worldwide.
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Sources: Medical News Today, and Liver International.
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