Researchers analyzed blood from the umbilical cord at birth. They examined epigenetic patterns, which can influence how genes become active in the body, according to Medical Daily.
They also monitored the children's gut microbiota throughout the first year of life.
When the children reached the age of three, their development was assessed using standardized tools designed to identify signs of autism and ADHD.
The role of the gut
The study, published in Cell Press Blue, suggests that the gut and the brain may influence one another.
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This interaction occurs in part through the nervous system, the immune system, and substances produced by bacteria in the gut.
The researchers emphasize that this does not mean gut bacteria can explain everything about autism or ADHD.
Nor does it show that bacteria can cure or prevent these diagnoses.
The key finding
Children with higher levels of the bacterium Lachnospira in their gut showed fewer early signs of autism and ADHD at the age of three.
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This was also true for children who had biological risk factors at birth.
According to the researchers, the gut microbiota may therefore be an area that warrants further investigation in future studies.
The results point to a possible association, but not to a proven treatment.
Sources: Medical Daily and Cell Press Blue.
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