Meditation has become a global wellness trend, promoted in workplaces, schools, and therapy rooms as a simple way to reduce stress and improve focus.
Yet, a growing number of scientists are examining whether the practice is always as safe as it seems.
A new study published in Clinical Psychological Science by researchers from the University of Melbourne and the Association for Psychological Science found that meditation can sometimes lead to distressing experiences.
Psychologist Nicholas T. Van Dam, who led the research, said meditation programs were widely adopted before their possible downsides were fully studied, something unusual compared with other therapeutic treatments.
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When calm turns to distress
The study surveyed nearly 900 adults across the United States, asking them to rate 30 possible effects of meditation, from mild discomfort to serious disruption.
About 60 % of participants reported at least one side effect, such as anxiety, confusion, or feeling detached from reality.
Roughly one-third said these experiences were distressing, and nearly 10 % said the effects interfered with their daily lives.
Those with recent mental health issues or who had taken part in intensive silent retreats were more likely to experience negative outcomes.
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Long meditation sessions, the study suggests, may heighten emotional reactions or bring up unresolved memories.
Awareness, not alarm
Nicholas T. Van Dam stresses that the goal is not to discourage meditation but to ensure people understand what to expect.
Just as with medical treatments, practitioners should receive clear information about possible risks and benefits.
Discomfort, he explained, can be part of deep self-exploration, but when distress becomes overwhelming or persistent, it should be addressed with professional support.
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Sources: Science Daily, and Clinical Psychological Science.
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