Many people hope there is one simple way to avoid cancer. However, according to experts, the reality is far more complex.
Each year, more than two million people are diagnosed with cancer, according to the National Cancer Institute. As a result, prevention plays a significant role in the public debate.
Cancer has multiple causes
In an interview with Parade, Dr. Michael Foote, a physician and gastrointestinal medical oncologist at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, explains that cancer occurs when the DNA in cells becomes damaged. This damage can cause cells to grow uncontrollably.
Dr. Foote points out that such damage can be caused by many different factors. There is no single trigger for the disease.
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Dr. Kyaw Kyaw Tun, a physician and hematologist/oncologist at Kaiser Permanente Southern California, emphasizes that genetics, age, environment, and lifestyle all interact. Therefore, there is no single solution that fits everyone.
Screening is important
The experts highlight that regular screenings are crucial. Mammograms and colonoscopies can detect cancer early and increase the chances of successful treatment, according to Parade.
At the same time, doctors warn against believing that healthy habits alone can replace screening. Heredity and biological factors can still increase the risk.
This means that even individuals with a healthy lifestyle should follow recommended screening programs.
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More healthy choices
A diet rich in vegetables, whole grains, legumes, lean protein, and healthy fats is associated with a lower risk.
Processed meat, large amounts of red meat, and sugary drinks should be limited.
However, diet alone is not enough. The American Cancer Society recommends 150 to 300 minutes of moderate exercise per week.
According to the interviewed doctors, it is also important to avoid tobacco and limit alcohol consumption, as both increase the risk of several types of cancer.
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Protection against the sun’s UV rays, as well as vaccination against HPV and hepatitis B, can also reduce the risk.
Cancer prevention requires a comprehensive effort, and no single factor provides complete protection.
Sources: Parade, National Cancer Institute, and American Cancer Society.
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