Research in nutrition has increasingly focused on microorganisms in the gut and their importance for the body’s functions.
According to research from Tufts University, diet plays a central role in supporting this biological system.
The gut microbiota influences digestion, metabolism, and the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar.
When the balance within this environment is disrupted, research suggests that it may be associated with metabolic and cardiovascular problems.
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Studies also indicate that insufficient intake of certain nutrients can increase the risk of diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers therefore highlight nutritional strategies as a key element in prevention.
Two types of nutrients
A central element in the research is dietary fiber, which is divided into soluble and insoluble types.
Soluble fiber can bind water in the intestines and affects the pace of digestion, which may stabilize blood sugar and contribute to lower cholesterol levels.
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Insoluble fiber works differently. It primarily helps increase stool bulk and thereby supports a stable digestive process.
Dietary fiber occurs naturally in a range of foods. Fruits, vegetables, legumes, and oats often contain soluble fiber, while whole grains, nuts, and seeds are typical sources of insoluble fiber.
A growing dietary focus
According to the U.S. dietary guidelines, adults should consume between 22 and 34 grams of fiber daily, depending on age and gender.
The guidelines also recommend around 14 grams of fiber per 1,000 calories, as stated in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
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However, several studies show that many adults do not reach these levels.
As a result, dietary supplements are in some cases discussed as a possible solution, although researchers recommend that dietary changes occur gradually.
Sources: Science Daily, and Tufts University.
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