Ageing rarely arrives all at once. It shows up in subtle ways: lower energy, slower recovery, and a body that no longer responds as effortlessly as it once did.
While lifestyle choices matter, scientists have increasingly focused on what happens inside our cells, where the foundations of ageing are laid.
New research from Japan is now pointing to a specific cellular protein that appears to improve how efficiently cells produce energy, with measurable effects on lifespan in animal experiments.
The role of cellular energy
The study was carried out by researchers at the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology and led by Dr Satoshi Inoue.
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Their focus was on mitochondria, the structures inside cells responsible for producing energy.
As organisms age, mitochondrial performance typically declines, contributing to metabolic disorders, inflammation and physical deterioration.
The researchers examined a mitochondrial protein known as COX7RP. Previous work suggested that this protein supports the formation of respiratory “supercomplexes”, structures that allow mitochondria to generate energy more efficiently while limiting harmful oxidative stress.
What the animal study found
To explore its effects, the team studied genetically modified mice that produced higher levels of COX7RP.
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The results were clear. On average, these mice lived about 6.6 percent longer than mice without the modification.
Crucially, the additional lifespan was not associated with poorer health. The animals showed better blood sugar regulation, healthier lipid profiles and improved age-related markers in white fat tissue.
Their mitochondria also produced more ATP, the molecule cells use as fuel, suggesting that enhanced energy efficiency played a central role.
Why the findings matter
Genetic analysis revealed reduced activity in genes linked to chronic inflammation, a common feature of ageing tissues.
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According to the researchers, this points toward new approaches that focus on maintaining cellular energy systems rather than treating age-related diseases individually.
While the findings are limited to animal models, the team suggests that future drugs or supplements designed to support mitochondrial supercomplex formation could eventually contribute to healthier ageing in humans.
The study adds to growing evidence that longevity may depend as much on cellular efficiency as on external factors.
Sources: WP Tech
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