Researchers from Washington University in the United States studied the sweetener sorbitol, which is commonly found in sugar-free chewing gum, protein bars, and low-calorie products, according to SciTechDaily.
In the study, zebrafish developed signs of fatty liver disease when their gut bacteria were weakened.
The researchers believe that certain bacteria normally help the body break down sorbitol before it reaches the liver.
Without these bacteria, sorbitol may instead be converted into substances similar to fructose.
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Fructose has previously been linked to fatty liver disease and other metabolic disorders.
Multiple studies point in the same direction
The researchers stress that the experiment was conducted on animals rather than humans. More research is therefore needed.
However, other studies have also indicated potential problems linked to high sorbitol intake.
A 2022 study published in Life Sciences found that the substance could alter gut bacteria in mice and affect blood sugar levels.
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Sorbitol also occurs naturally in fruits such as apples and pears. However, the amounts are far lower than those found in many processed products.
May help explain fatty liver disease
Fatty liver disease is becoming increasingly common worldwide and is often associated with obesity and high sugar consumption.
The new study suggests that sugar-free alternatives may not always be completely harmless.
According to the researchers, sorbitol may, in some cases, affect the liver in a similar way to regular sugar.
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Sources: SciTechDaily and Life Sciences.
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