Tourette's syndrome usually begins in childhood and the first symptoms can be subtle. A doctor explains what parents should look out for and addresses common misconceptions about the condition.
What is tourette's syndrome
Tourette's syndrome is a neurological developmental condition that typically begins in childhood. It is characterised by involuntary movements and sounds known as tics, which the person cannot control.
When symptoms usually begin
According to Dr Suzanne Wylie, Tourette's most often appears between the ages of five and seven. The NHS states that symptoms generally start around age six and may become more noticeable around age ten.
Early signs can be subtle
In the beginning, symptoms are often mild and may go unnoticed. They can gradually develop and become more apparent over time.
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Early motor tics
The first signs are often motor tics. These can include repeated eye blinking, facial grimacing or shoulder shrugging.
Development of vocal tics
Over time, vocal tics may develop. They often begin as simple throat clearing or sniffing.
Tics are involuntary
Tics are not intentional actions. The individual has no control over them, and they do not reflect personal beliefs or intentions.
Symptoms may increase with stress
Tics can become more noticeable when a child feels stressed or excited. Emotional situations may therefore make the symptoms more frequent.
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Common misconceptions
Many people believe Tourette's always involves dramatic or socially inappropriate behaviour. However, most individuals with the condition experience milder tics.
Swearing is rare
Although Tourette's is often associated with swearing, doctors say this is rare compared to other tics such as blinking, whistling, sniffing or repeating sounds, words or phrases.
Not a psychiatric disorder
There is a misconception that Tourette's is a psychiatric problem. Dr Wylie emphasises that it is a neurodevelopmental condition.
Can occur alongside other conditions
Tourette's can be linked with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or obsessive compulsive behaviours. However, the tics themselves are not a sign of mental illness.
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Genetic component
There is a strong genetic component to Tourette's. Not everyone who carries a genetic predisposition will develop the condition.
Treatment options
Tourette's cannot be cured, but treatment can help manage symptoms. Behavioural therapy can support children in handling their tics, and medication may be considered if therapy is not effective.
Sources: Mirror
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