PFAS are a group of chemical substances used in many products such as furniture, packaging, and clothing.
These substances are difficult to break down and are found both in nature and in humans.
Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention show that most people have traces of PFAS in their bodies.
This makes it difficult to assess overall exposure, as the substances come from multiple sources, according to Health.com.
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Health and uncertainty
Researchers have not yet reached a consensus on how harmful PFAS are.
A study published in the Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology in 2025 points to a link between PFAS in drinking water and certain types of cancer.
However, other studies show varying results, and many are based on animal testing. Therefore, uncertainty remains about the exact risk to humans.
Exposure through the skin from clothing is generally considered less problematic than exposure through food and water, according to experts cited by Health.com.
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Investigation of Lululemon
Authorities in Texas are now investigating whether the sportswear brand Lululemon has used these substances in its products.
According to Health.com, the investigation aims to determine whether the company’s products contain PFAS that customers would not expect based on its marketing.
Authorities will also review the company’s internal guidelines, testing methods, and supply chain to assess whether the products meet their own standards.
Lululemon has, according to the same source, denied that its current clothing contains PFAS and states that the substances were previously used only in a small part of the range and have since been phased out.
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Consumption and regulation
There are no unified rules in the United States requiring clothing manufacturers to disclose PFAS. However, some states have introduced restrictions, according to Safer States.
Consumers should be aware of products marketed as water-repellent or containing materials such as GORE-TEX and Teflon, as these may contain PFAS.
Sources: Health.com, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, and Safer States.
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