Sunburn is damage to the skin caused by excessive exposure to the sun.
The condition can often be treated at home and usually improves within seven days, according to the NHS.
What is sunburn?
Sunburn is skin damage caused by too much sun exposure. In most cases, the symptoms can be managed at home.
Skin may feel hot
One of the common signs of sunburn is that the skin feels hot to the touch.
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Tenderness and pain in the skin
Sunburned skin can become tender and painful in the days following sun exposure.
Peeling may occur later
The skin may begin to peel several days after becoming sunburned.
Severe sunburn can cause blisters
In cases of severe sunburn, blisters may develop on the skin.
Skin color may change differently
In people with fair skin, sunburn often causes the skin to become red or pink. In people with brown or black skin, color changes may not be visible.
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Get out of the sun immediately
It is recommended to move out of the sun as soon as possible to limit further damage to the skin.
Cool the skin gently
A cool shower, bath, or damp towel can help relieve discomfort. However, young children should not become too cold.
Use a moisturizer
After-sun products or an unscented moisturizer may help soothe the skin.
Drink plenty of fluids
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It is recommended to avoid alcohol and drink plenty of water to cool the body and reduce the risk of dehydration.
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Pain relief may help
Paracetamol or ibuprofen can be used to relieve pain if taken according to the instructions provided with the medication.
Protect the skin while it heals
Sunburned skin should be covered and kept out of direct sunlight until it has fully healed.
Avoid products containing petroleum jelly
Petroleum jelly should not be applied to sunburned skin.
Do not apply ice directly to the skin
Ice or ice packs should not be placed directly on sunburned areas.
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Leave blisters alone
Blisters should not be popped, as this can worsen the condition.
Avoid picking at the skin
Peeling skin should not be scratched or removed.
Tight clothing can worsen discomfort
Tight-fitting clothing over sunburned areas should be avoided.
A pharmacist can provide advice
A pharmacist can offer guidance on treating sunburn and assess whether there is a need to contact a doctor.
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When should you seek help?
Urgent medical advice is recommended if you experience blistered or swollen skin, a very high temperature, chills, extreme tiredness, dizziness, nausea, headaches, muscle cramps, or if a baby or young child has become sunburned.
Serious complications can occur
Severe sunburn can lead to heat exhaustion and heatstroke, both of which can be very serious conditions.
Sunburn increases the risk of skin cancer
Experiencing sunburn can increase the risk of developing skin cancer.