Many people know the feeling of eating ice cream or drinking something very cold and suddenly experiencing pain in the forehead. However, the pain typically lasts only a short time.
According to the BBC, this happens when the roof of the mouth or the back of the throat is cooled very quickly.
Why you get brain freeze
Neurologist Amaal Starling of the Mayo Clinic explains to the BBC that the cold causes blood vessels to constrict.
They then widen again to restore normal blood flow.
This can activate a nerve that sends pain signals from the face and forehead.
As a result, the pain feels as though it is located in the head rather than in the mouth.
Who is affected
Research reviewed by Irene Toldo of the University of Padua and published in Life suggests, according to the BBC, that cold-stimulus headaches may run in families.
Studies from several countries also indicate that people with migraine often experience the pain more intensely than others.
The BBC reports that researchers have therefore used the phenomenon to gain a better understanding of headaches.
An important signal
Cold-stimulus headaches are generally not dangerous. They can often be avoided by eating ice cream more slowly or allowing the mouth to warm up between bites.
However, if the pain occurs frequently or is particularly severe, it may be worth considering whether other types of headaches are also present.
According to the BBC, this may, in some cases, point to migraine, which can be treated.
Interest in weight-loss drugs such as Ozempic and Wegovy has grown significantly in recent years.
At the same time, many online healthcare companies now offer quick access to similar treatments without requiring an in-person doctor’s visit.
According to KFF Health News, as cited by NBC News, a growing number of physicians and researchers believe this trend is cause for concern.
They argue that patients are not always being thoroughly evaluated before receiving prescriptions for these medications.
More errors reported
Data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) show that the number of reported errors involving GLP-1 medications has increased sharply.
KFF Health News reports that more than 25,000 error-related incidents were recorded in the United States in 2025, compared with just over 2,000 in 2020.
Many of these errors involve incorrect dosing, misunderstandings about how to use the medication, or prescription mistakes.
Limited oversight
Many telehealth companies sell both the consultation and the medication itself.
Critics argue that this model can make it more difficult to ensure that patients receive the guidance and monitoring they need.
Research cited by KFF Health News also shows that an increasing number of prescriptions are being written for people who do not have diabetes, obesity, or excess weight.
Growing risks
Regulators have issued warnings to several companies regarding the marketing of compounded versions of weight-loss medications.
Several manufacturers have also filed lawsuits against businesses selling alternative versions of their products.
Experts fear that the easy online availability of GLP-1 medications could increase the risk of medication errors, side effects, and inadequate patient monitoring.
Cancer treatment is increasingly moving away from a one-size-fits-all approach. As medical science advances, researchers are focusing on therapies tailored to each individual patient, aiming to improve outcomes while reducing the risk of the disease returning.
New findings presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting suggest that a personalized mRNA vaccine could become an important tool in the fight against melanoma.
Researchers reported encouraging long-term results when the experimental vaccine was used alongside the immunotherapy drug Keytruda, reports Medical News Today.
Built for each patient
Unlike traditional treatments, the vaccine is created using genetic information taken from a patient’s own tumor. Scientists analyze the cancer’s unique mutations and design a vaccine intended to help the immune system identify and destroy remaining cancer cells.
The study involved 157 patients with high-risk melanoma who had previously undergone surgery. Participants received either standard treatment with Keytruda or a combination of Keytruda and the personalized vaccine.
Results stand out
After five years of follow-up, researchers found a significant difference between the two groups. Patients receiving the combination therapy experienced a 59% lower risk of the cancer spreading to distant organs compared with those receiving Keytruda alone.
The data also showed higher overall survival rates among patients who received the personalized vaccine. Researchers believe the findings indicate that the immune response generated by the treatment may remain active for years after administration.
What’s next?
Despite the promising results, experts caution that larger studies are still needed before the treatment can become part of routine clinical care. A phase 3 trial is already underway to confirm the findings in a broader patient population.
The manufacturing process also remains a challenge, as every vaccine must be custom-made from an individual patient’s tumor sample. Even so, researchers see the latest results as a strong indication that personalized cancer vaccines may play a significant role in the future of oncology.
Many products promise to slow the aging process, but diet also plays an important role.
Several nutrient-rich foods have been linked to benefits for both the brain and the body, according to Verywell Mind.
Blueberries
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Blueberries contain high levels of antioxidants such as anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins.
These compounds may help protect cells from damage caused by free radicals and reduce inflammation, which is associated with aging and chronic diseases.
Greek yogurt
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Greek yogurt is rich in probiotics, which support a healthy gut microbiome.
A well-functioning gut microbiome may contribute to a stronger immune system and help reduce inflammation throughout the body.
Avocado
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Avocados contain fiber, antioxidants, phytosterols, and monounsaturated fats.
According to a study published in Frontiers in Nutrition, older adults who ate avocados performed better on cognitive tests than those who did not consume avocados.
Turmeric
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Curcumin, the active compound found in turmeric, is known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties.
Research published in The AAPS Journal also suggests that the compound may influence mechanisms that are important for the survival of cancer cells.
Fatty fish
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Fatty fish such as salmon, sardines, pollock, anchovies, and cod contain omega-3 fatty acids.
These fatty acids have been associated with support for brain function, reduced inflammation, and improved cognitive performance, according to a study published in Cureus Journal of Medical Science.
Matcha
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Matcha is made from finely ground green tea leaves and contains nutrients including polyphenols, catechins, and L-theanine.
These compounds have been linked to improved concentration, working memory, and protection against oxidative stress, according to a study published in Food Research International.
Walnuts
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A large study published in Nutrients found that 60-year-olds who consumed at least five servings of walnuts per week lived approximately 1.3 years longer than those who did not eat walnuts.
Dark leafy greens
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Spinach, kale, Swiss chard, and arugula are packed with vitamins and bioactive compounds.
A high intake of leafy greens has been associated with a lower risk of inflammatory diseases and slower cognitive decline, according to a study published in Neurology.
Extra virgin olive oil
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Extra virgin olive oil contains polyphenols and oleic acid, which may help protect cells from oxidative damage.
High consumption has been linked to greater longevity and a lower risk of several diseases.
Lentils
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Lentils contain polyphenols, saponins, and phytosterols with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
They also provide protein and fiber, both of which are important for maintaining health throughout life.
What do these foods have in common?
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Many of the foods on this list are rich in antioxidants, fiber, or healthy fats.
Verywell Mind highlights that these nutrients are associated with benefits for both brain health and overall well-being.
No miracle foods
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Verywell Mind emphasizes that no single food can stop the aging process.
The best strategy is a varied diet rich in whole foods and antioxidants.
Children born in the autumn are more likely to receive the flu vaccine than children born in the summer, according to a new study published in JAMA Pediatrics and reported by HealthDay.
The explanation is that children born in the autumn are more likely to have their annual check-up when the flu vaccine is available.
Researchers compared U.S. insurance data for children aged two to five.
The data covered five influenza seasons from 2016 to 2023, although seasons affected by COVID-19 were excluded.
Lower infection rates
Children with birthdays in the autumn had vaccination rates that were 9 to 13 percentage points higher than those of children born in the summer.
At the same time, they experienced fewer cases of influenza. The difference ranged from 1 to 1.4 percentage points, according to the findings.
The researchers also examined illnesses for which no vaccine is available, including the common cold and stomach viruses. In these cases, there was no clear difference between the groups.
Annual vaccine removed
The study comes amid a U.S. debate over recommended childhood vaccinations.
According to HealthDay, the CDC removed the annual influenza vaccine from its childhood immunization schedule in January.
The decision has been temporarily blocked by a U.S. court.
Influenza vaccines for children appear to prevent many cases of illness. For every 100 vaccinated children, approximately 9 to 14 avoid getting the flu.
Most people do not think about which direction they face in the shower, but according to several dermatologists interviewed by Executive Digest, the habit may have implications for skin, hair, and overall comfort.
Many people automatically choose the same position every time. This is often influenced by the layout of the bathroom, water pressure, or simply routine.
Small differences
Experts emphasize that there is no single correct way to stand in the shower. However, different positions may offer different benefits.
Standing with your face directly exposed to hot water for extended periods can dry out the skin. This is especially true for people with sensitive skin or conditions such as eczema.
On the other hand, facing the water stream can make it easier to thoroughly rinse the face, chest, and underarms.
Hair and comfort
For people with long hair, positioning can make a greater difference. Some prefer rinsing their hair from the front, while others find it easier to let the water run down their hair from behind.
Dermatologists also note that water hitting the back can feel relaxing and help reduce tension.
At the same time, turning your back to the water may help prevent shampoo from getting into your eyes.
The best direction
Although there are minor differences, experts agree on one thing: the direction you face in the shower is not the most important factor.
What matters most is ensuring that the entire body is washed and rinsed thoroughly so that no traces of soap, shampoo, or conditioner remain on the skin.
Dermatologists recommend short showers with lukewarm water, gentle cleansing products, and the use of moisturizer after bathing.
According to the experts, a good shower routine is far more important than whether you face the water or turn your back to it.
Many people are constantly looking for ways to improve their health. Some focus on exercise, while others rely on vitamins and supplements to boost their wellbeing. Social media has only intensified the trend, with countless users sharing the products they swear by for better sleep, reduced stress and improved energy.
One supplement that has become particularly popular is magnesium. But according to health experts, the reality may be more complicated than many people realise, reports kk.no.
More important than many think
Recent reporting by Norwegian newspaper Aftenposten, featuring comments from physician Kaveh Rashidi, has drawn attention to the growing use of magnesium supplements.
Magnesium is involved in hundreds of processes throughout the body. It plays a key role in muscle function, nerve signalling, energy production, blood sugar regulation and heart health. Because of its importance, both too little and too much magnesium can cause health problems.
Despite this, increasing numbers of healthy adults are taking magnesium supplements without first determining whether they actually need them.
What does the science say?
Magnesium is often promoted as a solution for poor sleep, anxiety, stress, headaches and muscle cramps. However, experts say the scientific evidence behind many of these claims remains limited.
According to the information highlighted by Aftenposten, research has not consistently shown clear benefits for sleep difficulties, anxiety or restlessness in otherwise healthy individuals. While some studies suggest magnesium may help pregnant women who experience leg cramps, the evidence is still considered relatively weak.
Health professionals stress that people experiencing ongoing symptoms should seek appropriate medical advice rather than relying solely on supplements.
Who should pay attention?
For most people who eat a balanced and varied diet, magnesium supplements are unlikely to be necessary. Foods such as nuts, seeds, legumes, whole grains and leafy green vegetables naturally provide significant amounts of the mineral.
Certain groups may need to pay closer attention to their vitamin and mineral intake:
Pregnant women
Vegans
People following restrictive weight-loss diets
Experts continue to emphasise that supplements should complement a healthy diet, not replace it.
Your eyes can reveal more than just vision problems.
According to eye specialists, changes in vision or the appearance of the eyes can sometimes be signs of other diseases or health conditions elsewhere in the body.
Here are some conditions, according to Prevention, that can affect the eyes in different ways.
Glaucoma
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Glaucoma can damage the optic nerve and lead to blind spots in the field of vision.
Some people also experience halos around lights, blurred vision, pain in the eye or forehead, and red eyes.
If left untreated, the condition can result in severe vision loss.
Cataracts
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With cataracts, the eye’s lens gradually becomes cloudy.
This can cause vision to appear hazy or blurred, and colors may seem less vivid.
Many people also experience increased sensitivity to glare and difficulty seeing in low-light conditions.
Macular degeneration
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Macular degeneration is a common cause of vision loss among older adults.
The condition affects the central area of the retina, which can make faces and objects appear distorted.
Straight lines may look wavy, while peripheral vision often remains unaffected.
High cholesterol
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In some cases, high cholesterol can lead to temporary vision disturbances. Vision may briefly disappear and then return.
Fatty deposits may also develop around the eyes, and grayish rings can form around the cornea.
Thyroid problems
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If the thyroid gland is not functioning properly, the muscles around the eyes may swell.
This can cause the eyes to appear more prominent than usual. Some people may also experience double vision.
Graves’ disease
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The autoimmune condition Graves’ disease can cause the eyelids to retract, making the eyes appear larger.
If the eyelids cannot close completely, it can lead to dry and irritated eyes.
Diabetes
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Diabetes can cause the central area of the retina to swell or accumulate fluid. This can lead to vision loss and, in severe cases, blindness.
People with diabetes are also at increased risk of both glaucoma and cataracts.
Retinal migraine
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Retinal migraine can present as temporary blind spots, flashing lights, zigzag patterns, or floating lines in the field of vision.
The symptoms typically occur in only one eye and often last for a short period.
Myasthenia gravis
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The autoimmune disease myasthenia gravis can weaken the muscles around the eyes.
This can make it difficult to keep the eyelids open and may also cause double vision.
Lupus
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Lupus can lead to uveitis, an inflammatory condition affecting the eye.
Symptoms may include blurred vision, pain, redness, and sensitivity to light.
Multiple sclerosis
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Vision changes can be an early sign of multiple sclerosis.
Reduced vision in one eye, pain during eye movement, faded color perception, or double vision may be among the symptoms.
Stroke
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A sudden loss of vision can be a sign of a stroke.
Vision loss may affect one eye, part of the visual field, or both eyes. The condition can also cause double vision and problems with eye movement.
GLP-1 drugs were originally developed to treat type 2 diabetes, but today they are also widely used for weight loss because of their effects on appetite and blood sugar levels.
Researchers are now taking a closer look at whether these medications may also affect cancer.
One reason for this interest is that obesity can increase the risk of breast cancer, particularly after menopause, according to The Guardian.
Questions remain
At the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) cancer conference in Chicago, researchers presented three studies examining the relationship between GLP-1 drugs and cancer.
The researchers stressed that the findings do not prove that the medications directly protect against cancer.
It remains unclear whether the observed effects are due to weight loss, reduced inflammation in the body, or other factors.
New findings
The first study included 110,000 women. It found that women taking GLP-1 medications had a 30% lower risk of developing breast cancer compared with women who were not taking the drugs.
A second study involving 27,000 breast cancer patients found a 30% lower risk of dying from the disease when the medication was used alongside standard treatment.
A third study involving 12,000 patients showed that people with breast, lung, colorectal, or liver cancer had a 38% to 50% lower risk of their disease progressing to stage four.
For many people, watermelon is a staple of summer, but the fruit is more than just refreshing.
A study published in Nutrients (1) indicates that it may also offer health benefits.
Research cited by Healthline shows that people who eat watermelon often consume higher amounts of several important nutrients through their diet.
These include dietary fiber, potassium, magnesium, and vitamins A and C.
More than just water
Watermelon consists of approximately 91 percent water, making it a good source of hydration, especially on hot days.
At the same time, it contains compounds such as lycopene and other carotenoids, which are known for their role in a healthy and varied diet.
According to researchers, watermelon may therefore contribute to better overall diet quality in both children and adults.
Several health benefits
According to Healthline, watermelon has also been linked to lower insulin resistance, reduced muscle soreness, and improved digestion.
According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), 100 grams of watermelon contains only 30 calories and virtually no fat.
May benefit heart health
Researchers point out that watermelon contains the amino acid L-citrulline, which may have a positive effect on blood vessels and blood pressure.
A 2025 research review published in Nutrients (2), along with a 2022 study also published in Nutrients (3), suggests that the compound may help lower blood pressure and improve blood vessel function.
Researchers therefore believe that watermelon may help support heart health and potentially reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease when included as part of a healthy diet.
