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Consumer council warns: Several popular deodorants contain problematic substances

That quick swipe of deodorant before heading to work or the gym is a daily habit for millions of Americans. Few people stop to read the fine print on the back of the package.

But a new European consumer review is prompting fresh questions about ingredients found in several globally recognised deodorant brands, many of which are also sold in the United States.

Major brands under review

The Norwegian Consumer Council analysed 43 deodorants on the market, screening them for substances suspected of being hormone-disrupting, allergenic or environmentally harmful.

Sixteen products received the lowest rating because they contained one or more ingredients linked to potential endocrine disruption.

Among the brands scoring poorly were Dove, Rexona and Axe. Rexona is marketed as Degree in the US, making it a familiar name to American shoppers.

The substances identified included Cyclopentasiloxane, BHT, Benzyl Salicylate and Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate.

In two Rexona products, three of these compounds appeared together on the ingredient list.

Price not a guarantee

The findings suggest that higher cost does not necessarily mean a cleaner formula. Several of the best-performing deodorants in the review were among the least expensive options.

By contrast, two Biotherm products were given the lowest rating due to the presence of suspected hormone-disrupting ingredients.

All of the substances flagged in the review are currently permitted under European cosmetics regulations.

In the United States, cosmetic ingredients are overseen by the Food and Drug Administration, though critics argue that oversight remains limited compared with EU standards.

For American consumers, the report underscores a broader point: brand recognition and price may matter less than what appears on the ingredient list.

Sources: Forbrukerrådet

Experts concerned: 220 million children could be overweight by 2040

More children risk developing diseases at an early age that are normally associated with adults.

This emerges from an analysis by the World Obesity Federation, reported by The Guardian.

According to the report, at least 120 million schoolchildren could show early signs of chronic diseases linked to high body weight by 2040.

More children with excess weight

Globally, many children are already living with overweight or obesity. In 2025, it is estimated that around 180 million children are living with obesity.

According to the report, that number could rise to around 227 million children by 2040.

At the same time, more than half a billion children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 are expected to be overweight.

Obesity is measured in part using BMI. A BMI above 25 is considered overweight, while a BMI of 30 or more is classified as obesity.

The organization’s director, Johanna Ralston, believes the trend shows that the problem is not being taken seriously enough.

Differences between countries

The figures vary widely from country to country. In the United States, around 27 million children are estimated to have an elevated BMI.

Only China and India rank higher, with approximately 62 million and 41 million children respectively.

The report also highlights the United Kingdom as a country with high numbers. Around 3.8 million children there have a high BMI.

According to the World Obesity Federation, political measures are needed to make it easier for children to live healthier lives.

Sources: The Guardian, and World Obesity Federation.

These foods can ease your reflux symptoms

Acid reflux and GERD occur when stomach acid moves up into the esophagus, causing symptoms such as heartburn.

Diet and lifestyle can influence how often and how severely symptoms occur. Below is a review of foods and habits that may affect the condition.

Vegetables low in fat

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Vegetables are naturally low in fat and sugar, which may reduce the risk of acid reflux.

Good options include green beans, broccoli, asparagus, cauliflower, leafy greens, potatoes, and cucumbers.

Ginger

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Ginger has anti-inflammatory properties and is often used to relieve indigestion and nausea.

It may promote stomach emptying, allowing food to move more quickly through the digestive system. However, for some people, it can worsen heartburn.

Oatmeal

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Oatmeal is a whole-grain food rich in fiber. It can absorb stomach acid and thereby reduce the risk of acid rising into the esophagus.

Whole grains and fiber

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A fiber-rich diet is associated with a lower risk of reflux. Whole-grain bread and brown rice are examples of foods that may be beneficial.

Fruit

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Fruits such as melon, banana, apple, and pear are less likely to trigger symptoms than more acidic fruits like oranges.

Lean meat and fish

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Chicken, turkey, fish, and low-fat seafood provide protein without the high fat content that can worsen reflux.

Grilling, baking, or poaching is recommended instead of frying.

Egg whites instead of whole eggs

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Egg whites are high in protein and contain almost no fat, making them a better choice than egg yolks and fried eggs, which have a higher fat content.

Healthy unsaturated fats

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Fat is necessary for the body, but it is important to choose unsaturated sources such as avocado, walnuts, flaxseeds, olive oil, sesame oil, and sunflower oil, and to use them in moderation.

Drinks without acid and caffeine

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Herbal tea, plant-based drinks, and non-acidic vegetable juices may be better choices. Beverages containing alcohol, caffeine, or sweeteners can increase the risk of symptoms.

Fatty and fried foods

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Fried foods and high-fat products can cause the lower esophageal sphincter to relax and delay stomach emptying.

Examples include French fries, full-fat dairy products, and fatty meats.

Acidic foods

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Citrus fruits, pineapple, tomatoes, and tomato-based dishes can worsen symptoms in many people and should be limited in cases of frequent reflux.

Chocolate and caffeine

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Chocolate contains methylxanthine, which can affect the lower esophageal sphincter and increase reflux. Coffee and other caffeinated beverages may also trigger discomfort.

Spicy foods, mint, and alcohol

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Spicy dishes, onions, garlic, and mint products can trigger heartburn in many people. Alcohol and carbonated drinks are likewise associated with an increased risk of reflux.

Lifestyle changes

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In addition to diet, maintaining a moderate weight, avoiding overeating, eating slowly, and remaining upright for at least two hours after meals may help.

Loose-fitting clothing, smoking cessation, and elevating the head of the bed can also reduce symptoms.

Identify your personal triggers

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There is no single diet that works for everyone. Keeping a food diary and noting foods, timing, and symptoms for at least one week can help identify personal triggers and allow dietary adjustments accordingly.

Sources: Healthline.

The impact of the menstrual cycle on appetite and metabolism

Hormonal fluctuations across the menstrual cycle influence appetite, energy intake, and metabolic processes. Research shows modest but measurable phase-related changes, alongside considerable individual variation. Flexible, evidence-based nutrition strategies are therefore preferred over rigid rules.

Hormonal fluctuations shape appetite and metabolism

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Changes in estrogen and progesterone affect hunger, resting metabolic rate, and the body’s preferred fuel sources. These shifts may also influence perceived fatigue and physical performance.

The four phases of the cycle

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The menstrual cycle includes the menstrual phase, follicular phase, ovulatory phase, and luteal phase. Each phase is defined by distinct patterns of estrogen and progesterone that drive physiological changes.

Menstrual phase and low hormone levels

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During the early follicular phase, when menstruation occurs, both estrogen and progesterone are low. This phase typically lasts from day one to five of the cycle.

Estrogen peaks around ovulation

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In the late follicular and ovulatory phases, estrogen rises to its highest levels while progesterone remains low. This hormonal profile is often associated with lower spontaneous energy intake.

Progesterone dominates the luteal phase

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After ovulation, progesterone increases substantially and estrogen reaches a smaller secondary peak before both decline prior to the next cycle. The luteal phase is frequently linked to increased appetite and higher energy expenditure.

Energy intake varies across phases

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On average, daily energy intake is higher in the luteal phase than in the follicular phase, with a mean difference of about 168 kilocalories. Individual responses range from minimal changes to substantially larger increases.

Macronutrient utilization shifts

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Estrogen is associated with appetite suppression and greater carbohydrate oxidation. Progesterone is linked to increased appetite, elevated resting energy expenditure, and a greater reliance on fat and protein as fuel.

Energy availability and physical activity

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Reduced energy intake during lower appetite phases, without adjustments in training load, may compromise energy availability. This can affect menstrual function and training adaptation in physically active individuals.

Micronutrients and reproductive health

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Lower intakes of protein, vitamin D, zinc, magnesium, and calcium have been reported in individuals with menstrual disorders, alongside higher consumption of refined carbohydrates and added sugars.

Anti inflammatory dietary patterns

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Obesity, insulin resistance, and excess caloric intake contribute to chronic low-grade inflammation associated with reproductive disorders. Mediterranean-style dietary patterns rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, olive oil, nuts, and fish are linked to lower inflammatory markers.

Blood sugar regulation and cravings

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Fluctuations in glycemic control may influence mood, energy, and cravings, particularly in the late luteal phase. Meals combining complex carbohydrates with protein and fats can help stabilize postprandial glucose responses.

Evidence and practical perspective

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Research confirms modest phase-related changes in appetite and metabolism, but controlled trials on structured cycle-synchronized diets remain limited. Individualized and adaptable nutrition approaches are most consistent with current evidence.

Sources: News Medical and OUP

New research: Ketogenic diet may improve fitness

Individuals with elevated blood sugar levels may find it more difficult to improve their fitness through physical activity.

In particular, the body’s maximal oxygen uptake, a measure of cardiovascular fitness and overall health, may be affected.

In a study published in Nature Communications, researchers investigated whether a ketogenic diet could alter this relationship.

The experiment was conducted on male mice with artificially induced elevated blood sugar levels.

The importance of diet

According to the study, mice with elevated blood sugar achieved more normal blood glucose levels when fed a ketogenic diet rather than a regular, carbohydrate-rich diet.

They also developed higher levels of ketones, indicating that their bodies were using fat as an energy source.

All exercising mice improved their lean body mass and reduced their blood sugar levels.

However, only the mice with elevated blood sugar on a ketogenic diet showed a clear improvement in maximal oxygen uptake.

The same improvement was not observed in mice on a regular diet.

The researchers also identified changes in the mice’s muscles suggesting increased fat oxidation. According to the study, this may be part of the explanation.

Does it have the same effect in humans?

The study was conducted in animals, and the results therefore cannot be directly applied to humans. Moreover, elevated blood sugar was artificially induced in the mice.

The researchers point out that clinical studies are needed to determine whether a ketogenic diet combined with exercise may have the same effect in humans with diabetes or insulin resistance.

Sources: Medical News Today, and Nature Communications.

New device restores partial sight after vision loss

For many older adults, losing the ability to read is more than an inconvenience. It can mean giving up independence and the small routines that make everyday life manageable.

Advanced age-related macular degeneration gradually damages the center of the retina, leaving people unable to see faces clearly or read ordinary text. Until recently, options for those with severe disease were limited.

Now, a tiny wireless implant is showing that partial vision can be restored, even after years of decline.

Small Implant

The device, measuring just 2 by 2 millimeters, is placed beneath the retina to replace damaged light-sensing cells.

It converts light into electrical signals that stimulate surviving retinal cells, helping visual information reach the brain.

Patients wear glasses fitted with a small camera. The camera captures images and sends them wirelessly to the implant using near-infrared light. Users can adjust contrast and zoom to make details clearer.

Clear Improvements

Results published in the New England Journal of Medicine show that more than 80 percent of participants improved their vision after one year. Many were able to read letters and short words again at home.

The international study was led by José-Alain Sahel, Daniel Palanker and Frank Holz. While the implant does not restore normal eyesight, researchers say even moderate gains can help patients move beyond legal blindness and regain practical daily tasks.

Sources:Science Daily and NEJM

Researchers question safety of AI as a digital therapist

Human psychologists work under established ethical rules and can be held accountable if they make mistakes.

This is not the case for AI systems that provide mental health advice.

This is shown in a study from Brown University, published in the Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society.

Researchers examined how large language models perform when asked to act as therapists.

The authors of the study write that they have identified 15 ethical risks associated with the use of so-called LLM counselors and call for the development of clear ethical and legal standards in this field.

Tested in practice

In the study, seven counselors with experience in cognitive behavioral therapy conducted conversations with AI models from OpenAI, Anthropic, and Meta, among others.

Three licensed psychologists then reviewed the conversations to identify potential problems.

According to the study, challenges arose in several areas. The chatbots did not always take the user’s situation into account, failed to handle crises adequately, and displayed potential bias related to gender, culture, or religion.

The researchers also describe what they call deceptive empathy. This refers to responses that sound caring but are not based on genuine understanding.

Need for caution

The study does not conclude that AI cannot be used in mental health care. According to the researchers, the technology may help make support more accessible.

However, the current systems do not meet the ethical standards that apply to trained therapists.

At the same time, there are currently no clear rules regarding who is responsible if an AI chatbot provides problematic advice.

Sources: Science Daily, and Proceedings of the AAAI ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society.

Surviving cancer early in life may affect brain function later

A study published in Nature Communications suggests that individuals who had cancer in childhood or adolescence may age faster than others of the same age.

Researchers examined around 1,400 long-term survivors treated at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital.

Participants were primarily treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia and Hodgkin lymphoma.

According to the research team from the University of Rochester Medical Center and St. Jude, analyses show changes in cells that are normally associated with aging.

Chemotherapy was the treatment most clearly linked to signs of increased biological age.

The treatment can affect the genetic material of cells, thereby triggering processes that resemble early aging.

Affects memory

The study also shows a connection between biological age and brain function.

Participants whose cells appeared older than their actual age performed worse in tests of memory and concentration.

According to the researchers, this may have implications for education and working life. In particular, individuals who received radiation therapy directly to the brain may require close follow-up to prevent further decline.

Possibility of slowing the process

Researchers are now working to determine when the aging process begins.

A small pilot study has compared samples from patients before and after treatment with samples from healthy individuals.

At the same time, ongoing research suggests that healthy habits can make a difference.

According to the research team, studies show that exercise may counteract treatment-related aging.

Overall, the study highlights the need for long-term follow-up of young cancer survivors.

Sources: Science Daily, and Nature Communications.

How salmon can affect your blood pressure

Salmon is often highlighted as a heart-healthy choice, but how does it actually affect blood pressure?

Here is an overview of what experts and research say about both the short-term and long-term effects.

Salmon does not affect blood pressure immediately

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According to cardiologist Dr. Joy Gelbman, there is no immediate effect on blood pressure right after a meal containing salmon.

Any fluctuations are typically due to other factors, she explained to Parade.

Side dishes and salt can play a role

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If blood pressure changes after the meal, it may be related to sodium-rich sauces or other foods and beverages consumed along with the salmon.

Regular consumption may lower blood pressure

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When salmon is eaten several times a week, experts suggest that over time it may contribute to lower blood pressure.

Omega-3 fatty acids help blood vessels relax

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The long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in salmon help blood vessels dilate, which can lead to a moderate improvement in blood pressure.

Reduced inflammation benefits blood pressure

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Omega-3 fatty acids also help reduce inflammation, which is important for both blood vessels and the heart.

Study shows a drop in blood pressure

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In a study published in Atherosclerosis, adults who ate salmon daily for four weeks experienced an average 4 percent reduction in blood pressure compared with those who did not eat salmon.

Cholesterol levels also improve

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The same study showed an average 15 percent reduction in LDL cholesterol and a 7 percent increase in HDL cholesterol among participants who ate salmon.

Omega-3 reduces triglycerides

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According to cardiologist Dr. Randy Gould, omega-3 fatty acids can help lower triglyceride levels in the blood.

Less plaque in the arteries

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Omega-3 fatty acids are also associated with a slower buildup of plaque in the arteries.

Recommended amount from the American Heart Association

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The American Heart Association recommends two servings of fish per week of about 100 grams each if the fish is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon.

Avoid deep-frying the salmon

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To preserve the health benefits, deep-frying the fish is discouraged, as it reduces its nutritional value.

Salmon can replace meat high in saturated fat

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Salmon can be used as an alternative to meat and processed products high in saturated fat, which may reduce the risk of heart disease.

Part of the Mediterranean and DASH diets

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Salmon is a key component of both the Mediterranean diet and the DASH dietary pattern, both of which are associated with improved cardiovascular health.

Not recommended every day

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Although salmon is nutrient-dense, it is not recommended to eat it daily, as this may increase the risk of mercury exposure and nutrient imbalances.

Sources: Parade, Atherosclerosis, and American Heart Association.

Smoking affects eye cells and may accelerate vision loss

Age-related macular degeneration is the most common cause of severe vision loss among people over the age of 50.

According to previous research, smokers are four times more likely to develop the disease.

A new study from Johns Hopkins Medicine, published in PNAS, has examined what specifically happens in the eye.

The researchers focused on particular cells in the retina known as RPE cells. These cells are essential for protecting the light-sensitive cells that make clear vision possible.

The results show that cigarette smoke alters the way the cells’ genes function.

This occurs without changing the genetic material itself, but by switching genes on and off differently than normal.

Difference between young and old

The researchers also conducted experiments on mice in two age groups. Both groups experienced damage to their RPE cells after being exposed to smoke.

However, there was an important difference. In the young mice, a number of protective genes were activated in the damaged cells. This did not happen to the same extent in the older mice.

According to the study, this may mean that younger cells are temporarily better able to defend themselves against damage from smoke, while older cells have greater difficulty coping with the strain.

The same pattern in humans

The researchers also examined eye cells from humans, both smokers and non-smokers. They identified 1,698 genes that changed in the same way in both mice and humans.

Smoking may directly affect the cells of the eye and contribute to the onset or worsening of macular degeneration.

Sources: Earth.com, and PNAS.